Tri-Igikoresho co gupima amaraso kirimwo ibihimba vy’ingingo z’umubiri vy’abantu n’ivy’ibikoko vy’ibinyamabere bihamye bimanitswe mu gitereko c’amazi. Igizwe n’ingero zitatu zitandukanye z’ugushira umutima -Ito, Isanzwe, n’Iyirengeye-iki gikoresho c’amazi kigenzura ukuri kw’ingero, gikurikirana ugushikama kw’ugupima, kandi kigaragaza amakosa y’imikorere y’imirongo mu biharuro vy’utugingo ngengabuzima tw’amaraso.

Ivyuma bigenzura / bipima amaraso ni ibiki?

Uburongozi bw’uburyo mu vy’ubuvuzi bw’amaraso bushingiye ku bikoresho bibiri bitandukanye:
Igenzura:Ivyitegererezo vy’igerageza ry’umusi ku musi bifise agaciro kazwi n’imipaka y’urutonde. Bakurikirana ukuntu ubuhinga bwo mu mutima bukora neza be n’ingene bukora neza mu gihe c’igihe ataco bahinduye ku bijanye n’ingene ubuhinga bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bukora.
Abapima:Ivyiyumviro vy'ishingiro vyihariye vyahawe agaciro k'ibanze. Bahindura ibintu vy’ingero z’umubiri n’ibiharuro vy’uguhindura kugira ngo bamenye neza ko igisohoka gifise ukuri ku buryo bugereranywa n’uburyo bwo gukoresha.

Uruhara mu kugenzura uburyo bw'amaraso

Ibikorwa vya misi yose vy'ubugenzuzi bw'urugero rwa gatatu -bipfuka ibisabwa bikomeye:
Imipaka y'Ingingo y'Isesengura:Isuzuma ubushobozi bw’umubiri ku bihe vy’indwara zikomeye cane-nk’ubukene bukomeye bw’amaraso n’ubukene bw’amaraso bugaragara-iruhande y’ingero zisanzwe z’ubuvuzi.
Gutahura ikosa:Imenya amazi make -ubuzibizi, oxidation y'ibikoresho, ugusenyuka kw'amaso, n'urusaku rw'intango rw'ubuhinga bwa none imbere y'uko umuntu atanga raporo y'ubuvuzi.
Uburyo bwo kwubahiriza:Irangura uburyo bwo kwizera uburyo bwo mu mutima busaba gukurikirana ubudasiba ku rwego rwinshi-mu gihe cose c'ibikorwa.

Ingero z'ubugenzuzi / Gukoresha

Urugero rwa 1 (Hasi)
Igenewe kugabanya ivyiyumviro vy’ingingo ngenderwako. Ivyigwa vy’ingero vy’inyishu hafi y’imipaka yo hasi yo kumenya ivy’amaraso, amaraso make, n’ivy’amaraso.

Urugero rwa 2 (Bisanzwe)
Igenewe ku rwego rw’umubiri. Gukurikirana ibikorwa bisanzwe mu gihe c'ibikorwa vya misi yose.

Urugero rwa 3 (Hejuru)
Ivyerekeye igitigiri c’utugingo ngengabuzima kiri hejuru. Ivyemeza umurongo n’inyishu y’amaso mu gihe c’ibintu vyinshi -vyiyumviro nk’ivy’amaraso canke thrombocytose.

Igenzura n'Ikigereranyo

Ibiranga	Igenzura ry'amaraso	Igikoresho co gupima amaraso
Intumbero	Gukurikirana uburyo bwo gukora buri musi n'ugushikama	Gutunganya ukuri kw'ibikoresho
Kenshi	Gusuzumwa buri musi canke ku musi w'akazi	Bitunganijwe inyuma yo gusanasana canke guhindura
Uburyo bw'amakuru	Intumbero isobanura ifatanye n'urutonde rwo hejuru/hasi	Agaciro k'intumbero kamwe
Igikorwa ku gisohoka	Ibendera ry'uguhinduka kw'isesengura ritari ryitezwe	Re-ibara kandi ikandika hejuru y'inyungu za sisitemu

Ivyuma bihuye n'amaraso

Yateguwe kugira ngo bihure n'umubiri ku mbuga zo kubara utugingo ngengabuzima hakoreshejwe:

Ingero y'ubushobozi bw'umuyagankuba
Gushwiragiza Laser y'amaso
Gupima umugera wa hemoglobine

Agaciro katanzwe / ibigenderwako

Parametere	Ishami	Hasi (Urwego rwa 1)	Bisanzwe (Urwego rwa 2)	Hejuru (Urwego rwa 3)
WBC	10⁹/L	2.10 ± 0.40	7.20 ± 1.00	18.50 ± 2.50
RBC	10¹²/L	2.30 ± 0.20	4.40 ± 0.30	5.30 ± 0.40
HGB	g/dL	6.2 ± 0.5	13.5 ± 0.6	18.0 ± 0.8
HCT	%	18.5 ± 2.0	39.0 ± 3.0	51.0 ± 4.0
PLT	10⁹/L	65 ± 20	210 ± 40	480 ± 60

Ibisobanuro vy'igicuruzwa

Umutungo	Ibisobanuro vy'ubuhinga
Uburyo bw'umubiri	Niteguye-gukoresha -uguhagarika utugingo ngengabuzima
Matirisi	Ibintu vyo mu maraso y'abantu n'ay'ibikoko vy'ibinyamabere
Gupfunyika	12 × 3.0 mL y’ibikoresho ku gasandugu (4 × Hasi, 4 × Bisanzwe, 4 × Hejuru)
Itegeko Nshinga	Ntaco bisabwa
Ingingo ngenderwako y'uburyo	ISO 13485 ibidukikije vyo guhingura

Ububiko n'ugushikama

Ububiko butafunguwe: degre 2 gushika kuri degre 8 . Ukingire umuco utaziguye. Ntukonje.

Ubuzima bw'ibikombe bufunze-: imisi 105 kuva kw'igenekerezo ry'uguhingura iyo igumye iri ku bushuhe bwa degre 2 gushika kuri degre 8 .

Gufungura-Ugushikama kw'ikibindi: imisi 14 canke ibintu 14 vyo gufata ivyerekanwa iyo bibitswe ku bushuhe bwa degre 2 gushika kuri degre 8 ubwo nyene inyuma yo gufata ivyerekanwa.

Ivyangombwa vy'urugendo: Ivyuma vy'ubushuhe bifise inzira-guhindura amapaki y'ubukonje bigumya ubushuhe bw'uruhererekane bw'ubukonje bwo mu mutima-.

Ukwizera uburyo

Ugukurikirana:Agaciro kagereranijwe n'uburyo bwo kumenya ivyerekeye.
Uguhuza kwa Loti:Igitigiri c’uguhinduka hagati y’ibice vy’umubiri (-vial) kigumye muri CV < 1.5%.
Gusohoka kw'Itsinda:Igenzura ry’isesengura ku buryo bwinshi bwo kugerageza imbere y’uko igice gisohoka.
Inyandiko z'amakuru:Lot-imbonerahamwe zidasanzwe z'ibikorwa zitangwa n'igikoresho cose.

IBIBAZO bibazwa

Ikibazo: Ni gute amavial akwiye kuvangwa imbere yo gufata ivyerekanwa?

I: Reka iyo nkoko igere ku bushuhe bwo mu cumba ($15^\\circ\\igiso{C}$–$30^\\circ\\igisongo{C}$) mu minota 15. Zirikana iyo nkoko mu buryo buringaniye hagati y’ibiganza incuro 8–10, hanyuma uhindure buhoro buhoro iherezo-hejuru y’iherezo-incuro 8–10. Irinde guhungabana kugira ngo umuyaga ntuwinjiremwo.

IKIBAZO: Ni hehe agaciro k'igerageza ry'ibintu vyinshi - kari?

I: Impapuro z’igerageza zigaragaza intumbero z’ibipimo n’ibipimo vy’ubugenzuzi zipakirwa imbere muri buri mpapuro. Amadosiye ya digitale arashikira biciye ku kugenzura inomero y’ibintu.

Ikibazo: Ni intambwe izihe zikenewe iyo ugukira kugwa hanze y’ivyo umuntu yategekanije?

I: Suzuma uburyo bwo kuvanga, ubushuhe bwo mu cumba, n’igihe co guhera. Gusubira-gufata ivyerekanwa vy'agacupa. Niba agaciro kaguma kure y'intumbero, suzuma amazi y'imiyoboro kugira ngo haboneke ibibumbano, suzuma ingero z'ibikoresho, maze ugerageze igikombe gishasha c'igenzura kitafunguwe.

Ikibazo: Ni ibihe bisabwa kugira ngo umuntu akureho amaviyo yakoreshejwe?

I: Gufata amaviyo yuguruye nk’ibigereranyo vy’ibinyabuzima. Guta ibisigarira vy’amazi n’ugupfunyika hakurikijwe amategeko agenga ivy’uguta ibinyabuzima vyo mu laboratwari.

Ikibazo: Ni gute ubutungane bw’uruzitiro rw’ubukonje-bugumaho mu gihe c’ugutwara abantu n’ibintu mpuzamakungu?

I: Ivyoherezwa bikoresha imiterere y’ibikoresho vy’ibikoresho vy’ububiko bifise ibikoresho vy’ububiko bukonje, bikabungabunga ubushuhe busabwa bwa degre 2 –8 mu nzira zose z’ibicuruzwa vyo mu kirere no mu kiyaga

Imisoro ishushe: tri-urugero rw'ugupima amaraso, Ubushinwa tri-urugero rw'ugupima amaraso abahinguzi, abagurisha